Corrections? [73], None of these enterprises prospered, and his main source of income was his earnings from lecture tours. Stark images of Shackleton's struggle. Sir Ernest Henry Shackleton is best known as a polar explorer who was associated with four expeditions exploring Antarctica, particularly the Trans-Antarctic (Endurance) Expedition (191416) that he led, which, although unsuccessful, became famous as a tale of remarkable perseverance and survival. Abraham Shackleton, an English Quaker, moved to Ireland in 1726 and started a school at Ballitore, County Kildare. [38] With Sir Clements Markham's blessing, he accepted a temporary post assisting the outfitting of the Terra Nova for the second Discovery relief operation, but turned down the offer to sail with her as chief officer. [158] Four months later, after leading four separate relief expeditions, Shackleton succeeded in rescuing his crew from Elephant Island. [60] Several mostly intact cases of whisky and brandy left behind in 1909 were recovered in 2010, for analysis by a distilling company. November 1st 1915 - After an attempt to march with boats and sleds, "Ocean Camp" is established a mile and a half from the Endurance. Ernest Shackleton testified at the Titanic inquiry. "[8] In his final term at the school he was still able to achieve fifth place in his class of thirty-one. He became a farmer instead, settling in Kilkea. Why did Ernest Shackleton want to go to Antarctica? Scott wrote: "He ought not to risk further hardship in his present state of health. Throughout the ordeal, not one of Shackletons crew of the Endurance died. When Sir Ernest Shackleton's Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition left South Georgia Island on 5 December 1914 to assist his bid to be the first to cross the Antarctic continent, he had no idea that a year and a half later he would end up on a rescue mission trekking across the very same subantarctic island where he started. [24] During the Antarctic winter of 1902, in the confines of the iced-in Discovery, Shackleton edited the expedition's magazine the South Polar Times. Other crew included James, Hussey, Greenstreet, a carpenter Harry McNish, and a biologist named Clark. In 1901 he got a place on Captain Robert Falcon Scott 's first Antarctic expedition. What did Shackleton feed his dogs? [113][114] In October 1917, he was sent to Buenos Aires to boost British propaganda in South America. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. The return of the sun after 92 days. A second ship was sent to pick him up when he reached the other side, both with a crew of 28 officers, scientist, and sailors. Sir Ernest Henry Shackleton CVO OBE FRGS FRSGS (15 February 1874 5 January 1922) was an Anglo-Irish Antarctic explorer who led three British expeditions to the Antarctic. [89] She drifted slowly northward with the ice through the following months. The Shackleton family are of English origin, specifically from Yorkshire. Ernest Shackleton and his second in command Frank Wild (left foreground) pose for a photo at Ocean Camp, after their ship, Endurance, was trapped in ice in February 1915. Edgeworth David, reached the area of the south magnetic pole. [25], According to steward Clarence Hare, he was "the most popular of the officers among the crew, being a good mixer",[26] though claims that this represented an unofficial rival leadership to Scott's are unsupported. October 27th 1915 - The Endurance is badly damaged by the pressure of ice acting upon her and leaking, Shackleton orders her to be abandoned, stores and equipment are taken onto the sea-ice and a camp established. Filchner had left Bremerhaven in May 1911; in December 1912, the news arrived from South Georgia that his expedition had failed. Shackleton was born on 15 February 1874, in Kilkea, County Kildare, Ireland. [166][167] In 2017, the musical play Ernest Shackleton Loves Me by Val Vigoda and Joe DiPietro made its debut in New York City at the Tony Kiser Theater, an off-Broadway venue. They set sail again on New Year's Day, 1908. This ignited his passion for Antarctic . [118], For his "valuable services rendered in connection with Military Operations in North Russia" Shackleton was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire in the 1919 King's Birthday Honours,[119] and was also mentioned in despatches by General Ironside. He joined the merchant navy when he was 16 and worked on many different ships. "This is by far the finest wooden shipwreck I have ever seen. [105], On the following day, they were able, finally, to land on the unoccupied southern shore. Captain Scott and Captain Shackleton: A 100 Year Old Expedition. Shackleton and his party set fire to the camp to signal the ship, which received the signal and returned to the camp a few days later, successfully retrieving them. Tom Crean was in more immediate charge as head dog-handler. He then sought to cash in on his celebrity by making a fortune in the business world. His handling of the ships under his command combined with his understanding of Antarctic conditions was crucial to the safety of the expeditions he undertook with Ernest Shackleton and Douglas Mawson. This disparity continued into the 1950s. In a Christie's auction in London in 2011, a biscuit that Shackleton gave "a starving fellow traveller" on the 19071909 Nimrod expedition sold for 1250. It is likely that many debts were not pressed and were written off. The three men all suffered at times from snow blindness, frostbite and, ultimately, scurvy. Shackleton's original plans had envisaged using the old Discovery base in McMurdo Sound to launch his attempts on the South Pole and South Magnetic Pole. Also, members of his team climbed Mount Erebus, the most active Antarctic volcano. [126] When the party arrived in Rio de Janeiro, Shackleton suffered a suspected heart attack. [78] Public interest in the expedition was considerable; Shackleton received more than 5,000 applications to join it. In 2017 Nancy Koehn argued that, in spite of Shackleton's mistakes, financial problems and narcissism, he developed the capability to be successful. On his return to England, Shackleton was knighted and was made a Commander of the Royal Victorian Order. Who were the first people to go to. (Ernest Shackleton) (Perce Blackborow) Suggested answers: Shackleton:"Shackleton turned me down because he thought I was too young and wasn't qualified." From the sentence we can infer that Shackleton was a responsible leader.Obviously he really needed people to work for him,but the expedition was very . [101] McNish had clashed with Shackleton during the time when the party was stranded on the ice, but, while Shackleton did not forget the carpenter's earlier insubordination, Shackleton recognised his value for this particular job. [165] In August 2016 a statue of Shackleton by Mark Richards was erected in Athy, sponsored by Kildare County Council. Launched in August 1914, the expedition became one of the most famous survival stories of all time after . [13] In August 1894, he passed his examination for second mate and accepted a post as third officer on a tramp steamer of the Welsh Shire Line. The great polar explorer Sir Ernest Shackleton never achieved his goal of traversing the continent of Antarctica, but is remembered these days for something more extraordinary. [84], Despite the outbreak of the First World War on 3 August 1914, Endurance was directed by the First Lord of the Admiralty, Winston Churchill, to "proceed",[g] and left British waters on 8 August. One does not believe that we have lost all sense of admiration for courage [and] endurance". Robert Falcon Scotts British National Antarctic (Discovery) Expedition (190104) as third lieutenant and took part, with Scott and Edward Wilson, in the sledge journey over the Ross Ice Shelf when latitude 821633 S was reached. Shackleton received a message saying the King would not be able to go. [142], In 1959, Alfred Lansing's Endurance: Shackleton's Incredible Voyage was published. During the Nimrod expedition of 19071909, he and three companions established a new record Farthest South latitude at 88S, only 97geographical miles (112statute miles or 180kilometres) from the South Pole, the largest advance to the pole in exploration history. [15], The British National Antarctic Expedition, known as the Discovery expedition after the ship Discovery, was the brainchild of Sir Clements Markham, president of the Royal Geographical Society, and had been many years in preparation. Instead, he is a hero, the leader who saved his men on one of the most horrific voyages of exploration of the 20th century. When spring arrived in September, the breaking of the ice and its later movements put extreme pressures on the ship's hull. What is Ernest Shackleton best known for? Beardmore was sufficiently impressed with Shackleton to offer financial support,[c][45] but other donations proved hard to come by. Ernest Henry Shackleton was born at Kilkea House, County Kildare, on February 15, 1874. [51] Nimrod arrived at McMurdo Sound on 29 January, but was stopped by ice 16 miles (26km) north of Discovery's old base at Hut Point. Shackleton then worked hard to persuade others of his wealthy friends and acquaintances to contribute, including Sir Philip Lee Brocklehurst, who subscribed 2,000 (approximately equivalent to 212,000 in 2019) to secure a place on the expedition;[46] author Campbell Mackellar; and Guinness baron Lord Iveagh, whose contribution was secured less than two weeks before the departure of the expedition ship Nimrod. While failing to achieve the first overland crossing of Antarctica, Shackleton succeeded in bringing all 27 members of his expedition party safely home, after 634 days of unbelievable hardship. [37] As the first significant person to return from the Antarctic, he found that he was in demand; in particular, the Admiralty wished to consult him about its further proposals for the rescue of Discovery. Alexander Macklin was one of two surgeons and also in charge of keeping the 70dogs healthy. Ernest Shackleton, however, would not have been surprised: he edited his 1914-17 journal into the book, South!, which was published three years after he had returned from Antarctica. [99], On 9 March 2022, it was announced that the Endurance had been located 4 miles (6.4km) from the location where it was lost, 10,000 feet (3,000m) below the surface. The goal was ambitious - audacious even, considering that only 10 men had ever stood at the South Pole and 5 of those had died on the way back. 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